Gum Disease

 

What is gum (periodontal) disease?

Gum disease, also know as Periodontal Disease, is an infection of the tissues surrounding and sup- porting the teeth. It's a major cause of tooth loss in adults. Because gum disease is usually painless you may not even know you have it. Gum disease is caused by plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that constantly forms on the teeth. These bacteria create toxins that can damage the gums. The early stage is called gingivitis. The gums become red, swollen and bleed easily. At this stage, the disease is still reversible and can usually be elim- inated by daily brushing and flossing.

In the more advanced stages of gum disease, called periodontitis, the gums and bone that support the teeth can become seriously damaged. The teeth can become loose, fall out or have to be removed.

What are the signs of gum (periodontal) disease?

If you notice any of the following signs of gum (periodontal) disease, call your dentist immediately to reserve a time with your hygienist: It is possible to have gum (periodontal) disease and have no warning signs!

* Gums that bleed when you brush your teeth
* Red, swollen or tender gums
* Gums that have pulled away from the teeth
* Bad breath that doesn’t go away
* Pus between your teeth and gums
* Loose teeth
* A change in the way your teeth fit together when you bite
* A change in the fit of partial dentures

How can I prevent gum (periodontal) disease?

The good news is that you can help prevent gum (periodontal) disease by taking good care of your teeth everyday and having regular dental check-ups.

Here’s how to keep your teeth and gums healthy:

* Brush your teeth well twice a day: This removes the film of bacteria from the teeth. Use a soft bristle brush that is in good condition.
* Floss every day: Flossing removes plaque and debris from between the teeth and under the gum line.
* Eat a balanced diet: Choose a variety of foods from the basic food groups and limit between- meal snacks.
* Visit your dentist regularly: Professional cleaning is essential to prevent gum (periodon- tal) disease.

Factors that increase the risk:

* Tobacco smoking or chewing
* Systemic diseases such as diabetes
* Certain types of medication such as steroids
* Some anti-seizure drugs, cancer therapy drugs, some calcium channel blockers & oral contracep- tives.
* Bridges that no longer fit properly
* Crooked teeth
* Fillings that have become defective
* Pregnancy